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Frankenburger Würfelspiel
The ''Frankenburger Würfelspiel'' (Frankenburg Dice Game) is a Thingspiel (a Nazi-era multi-disciplinary open-air drama) by Eberhard Wolfgang Möller based on the historical event of the same name in Frankenburg am Hausruck, Upper Austria. It received its première in Berlin in association with the 1936 Summer Olympics and the inauguration of the Dietrich-Eckart-Bühne, the Berlin ''Thingstätte'' which is now the Waldbühne (Forest Stage), and was the most successful Thingspiel.
==Background==
In May 1625, during the Counter-Reformation, Baron von Hebersdorf, Governor of Upper Austria and acting on behalf of the Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II, tried to forcibly reintroduce Catholicism in Frankenburg. The Lutheran peasants resisted, so he made 36 men roll dice against each other in pairs for their lives; the losers were hanged. The incident touched off a peasants' revolt in Upper Austria, the last Peasants' War.〔Karl-Heinz Schoeps, ''Literature and Film in the Third Reich'', tr. Kathleen M. Dell'Orto, Studies in German literature, linguistics, and culture, Rochester, New York / Woodbridge, Suffolk: Camden House/Boydell & Brewer, 2004, ISBN 9781571132529, (p. 157 ).〕 Möller's work based on the event was the only drama of the Third Reich which was written as a ministerial commission;〔Gerwin Strobl, ''The Swastika and the Stage: German Theatre and Society, 1933–1945'', Cambridge studies in modern theatre, Cambridge: Cambridge University, 2007, ISBN 9780521880763, (p. 73 ).〕 Möller, who was one of the prominent theorists of the Thingspiel movement, was asked by the Olympic Committee to write a play for the inauguration of the Dietrich-Eckart-Bühne (the Berlin ''Thingstätte'' named for Dietrich Eckart) at the upcoming Berlin Olympics,〔According to Strobl, (p. 259, note 6 ), it replaced a planned performance of Wagner's ''Rienzi''.〕 and from the ideas he submitted, Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels chose the Frankenburg story.〔Glen W. Gadberry, "Eberhard Wolfgang Möller's Thingspiel Das Frankenburger Würfelspiel", in Henning Eichberg, Michael Dultz, Glen Gadberry, and Günther Rühle, ''Massenspiele: NS-Thingspiel, Arbeiterweihespiel und olympisches Zeremoniell'', Problemata 58, Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt: Frommann-Holzboog, 1977, ISBN 9783772806674, pp. 235–48, p. 238.〕 Möller said that "he felt (Frankenburg event ) called from beyond the grave for (),"〔 and that in writing the drama about it he used as models: "in addition to Orestes, Ludus de Antichristo, and a few mystery plays, George Kaiser's expressionist play ''Die Bürger von Calais'' (The Citizens of Calais) and Stravinsky's ''Ödipus Rex'' (Oedipus Rex)."〔Quoted in Schoeps, Dell'Orto translation, (p. 157 ).〕
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